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  1. Angular
  2. Built-in Directives
  3. NgFor

NgFor


Learning Objectives

  • Know how to use the NgFor directive in your application.

  • Know how to get the index in the array of the item you are looping over.

  • Know how to nest multiple NgFor directives together.

Basics

We’ve covered this directive before in the quickstart.

NgFor is a structural directive, meaning that it changes the structure of the DOM.

It’s point is to repeat a given HTML template once for each value in an array, each time passing it the array value as context for string interpolation or binding.

Note

This directive is the successor of Angular 1s ng-repeat directive.

Let’s take a look at an example:

@Component({
  selector: 'ngfor-example',
  template: `
 <ul>
  <li *ngFor="let person of people"> (1)
    {{ person.name }}
  </li>
 </ul>
 `
})
class NgForExampleComponent {
  people: any[] = [
    {
      "name": "Douglas  Pace"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mcleod  Mueller"
    },
    {
      "name": "Day  Meyers"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aguirre  Ellis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cook  Tyson"
    }
  ];
}
1 We loop over each person in the people array and print out the persons name.

The syntax is *ngFor="let <value> of <collection>".

<value> is a variable name of your choosing, <collection> is a property on your component which holds a collection, usually an array but anything that can be iterated over in a for-of loop.

If we ran the above we would see this:

NgFor

Index

Sometimes we also want to get the index of the item in the array we are iterating over.

We can do this by adding another variable to our ngFor expression and making it equal to index, like so:

<ul> (1)
  <li *ngFor="let person of people; let i = index"> (1)
    {{ i + 1 }} - {{ person.name }} (2)
  </li>
</ul>
1 We create another variable called i and make it equal to the special keyword index.
2 We can use the variable i just like we can use the variable person in our template.

If we ran the above we would now see this:

NgFor Index

Note

The index is always zero based, so starts at 0 then 1,2,3,4 etc…

Note

In Angular 1 the variable $index would automatically be available for us to use in an ng-repeat directive. In Angular we now need to provide this variable explicitly.

Grouping

If our data structure was in fact grouped by country we can use two ngFor directives, like so:

Listing 1. script.ts
@Component({
  selector: 'ngfor-grouped-example',
  template: `
 <h4>NgFor (grouped)</h4>
 <ul *ngFor="let group of peopleByCountry"> (1)
   <li>{{ group.country }}</li>
   <ul>
    <li *ngFor="let person of group.people"> (2)
      {{ person.name }}
    </li>
   </ul>
 </ul>
 `
})
class NgForGroupedExampleComponent {

  peopleByCountry: any[] = [
    {
      'country': 'UK',
      'people': [
        {
          "name": "Douglas  Pace"
        },
        {
          "name": "Mcleod  Mueller"
        },
      ]
    },
    {
      'country': 'US',
      'people': [
        {
          "name": "Day  Meyers"
        },
        {
          "name": "Aguirre  Ellis"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cook  Tyson"
        }
      ]
    }
  ];
}
1 The first ngFor loops over the groups, each grop contains a country property which we render out on the next line and a people array property.
2 To loop over the people array we create a second nested ngFor directive.

If we ran the above we would see:

NgFor Grouped

Summary

We use the NgFor directive to loop over an array of items and create multiple elements dynamically from a template element.

The template element is the element the directive is attached to.

We can nest muliple NgFor directives together.

We can get the index of the item we are looping over by assigning index to a variable in the NgFor expression.

Listing

Listing 2. main.ts
import {NgModule, Component} from '@angular/core';
import {BrowserModule} from '@angular/platform-browser';
import {platformBrowserDynamic} from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';


@Component({
  selector: 'ngfor-example',
  template: `<h4>NgFor</h4>
<ul>
  <li *ngFor="let person of people; let i = index">
    {{ i + 1 }} - {{ person.name }}
  </li>
</ul>
 `
})
class NgForExampleComponent {
  people: any[] = [
    {
      "name": "Douglas  Pace"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mcleod  Mueller"
    },
    {
      "name": "Day  Meyers"
    },
    {
      "name": "Aguirre  Ellis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cook  Tyson"
    }
  ];
}


@Component({
  selector: 'ngfor-grouped-example',
  template: `<h4>NgFor (grouped)</h4>
<ul *ngFor="let group of peopleByCountry">
  <li>{{ group.country }}</li>
  <ul>
    <li *ngFor="let person of group.people">
      {{ person.name }}
    </li>
  </ul>
</ul>
 `
})
class NgForGroupedExampleComponent {

  peopleByCountry: any[] = [
    {
      'country': 'UK',
      'people': [
        {
          "name": "Douglas  Pace"
        },
        {
          "name": "Mcleod  Mueller"
        },
      ]
    },
    {
      'country': 'US',
      'people': [
        {
          "name": "Day  Meyers"
        },
        {
          "name": "Aguirre  Ellis"
        },
        {
          "name": "Cook  Tyson"
        }
      ]
    }
  ];
}

@Component({
  selector: 'directives-app',
  template: `
  <ngfor-grouped-example></ngfor-grouped-example>
  <ngfor-example></ngfor-example>
 `
})
class DirectivesAppComponent {
}


@NgModule({
  imports: [BrowserModule],
  declarations: [
    NgForExampleComponent,
    NgForGroupedExampleComponent,
    DirectivesAppComponent],
  bootstrap: [DirectivesAppComponent],
})
class AppModule {

}

platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);

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